ISSN: 1304-7191 | E-ISSN: 1304-7205
Development and validation of a survey instrument for measuring barriers to green building adoption using quantitative methods
1Department of Architecture, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2026; 44(3): 2027-2040 DOI: 0.14744/sigma.2026.2079
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Abstract

In order to measure the perception of green building stakeholders regarding the low adoption rate of green buildings, a survey instrument was designed by carefully identifying the barrier items from the existing literature using the systematic literature review method. Now there was a need to further develop and validate the items in the survey instrument before using it for the survey. This study aims to develop and validate a survey instrument to capture the opinions and perceptions of green building stakeholders regarding the barriers hampering the adoption of green buildings. The survey instrument was first screened by a three-member panel of subject-matter experts. Then the judgmental evidence was collected from an eight-member panel of judges using quantitative methods like Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index to develop and validate the survey instrument. Kappa score was calculated for individual items in the final version of the survey instrument to remove any possibility of chance agreement among the judges. The final revised version of the survey instrument showed high content validity of individual items (0.875 to 1.00). The scale-level content validity score using the average method was 0.956, which suggests that the survey instrument has excellent content validity. The Kappa score calculated for each item was found to be excellent (0.871 to 1.00), which indicates that the judges agreed upon the relevance of items in the scale, and this agreement was not by chance. This study is novel as it is the first to explain in detail the process and methodology used for the development and validation of the survey instrument employing quantitative techniques. The methodology employed in this research can be used by researchers to explain in detail the development and validation of the survey instrument to enhance the reliability of their research outcomes.