ISSN: 1304-7191 | E-ISSN: 1304-7205
Impact of vehicle integration sections on photovoltaic performance: A case study for Türkiye
1Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, 34349, Türkiye
Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2026; 44(4): 2823-2836 DOI: 10.14744/sigma.2026.2129

Abstract

The integration of photovoltaic systems into vehicles raises the question of how different sections of the car body can be used to generate solar energy. This question is becoming increasingly important as electric vehicle technologies seek more efficient and sustainable energy sources. The potential of solar energy was analyzed using a region-independent methodology based on one year of irradiance data from three cities in Türkiye representing low, medium, and high solar radiation levels. The analysis was made with data obtained from the Photovoltaic Geographical Information System, and it was applied to five vehicle surfaces with different inclinations and azimuth angles: the roof, the front hood, the rear hood and both doors. The results indicate that the door sections collectively contribute the most to the energy reception (26.67%), followed by the front hood (26.47%), the roof (24.22%) and the rear hood (22.64%). The study also shows that irradiance values for differently oriented surfaces can be inferred from a single pyranometer measurement, greatly reducing the complexity and cost of data collection for future applications. This study is novel compared to existing literature in that it presents a new method for assessing section-based irradiance contributions irrespective of the photovoltaic surface area, thus enabling more generalizable and scalable insights for future vehicle designs. The comparison with experimental results was made to confirm the reliability of the methodology, with a deviation of only ±4.83%.