The aim of this study was to determinate the bacterial communities that have potential to use and metabolize barley straw wastes at agricultural soils. Combination of different techniques; traditional isolation methods, metabolism-based methods such as Biolog Ecoplate and high-throughput sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA gene method were used for detailed analysis of samples taken from agricultural fields. Groups of bacteria isolated using barley straw-containing media belonged to the genus Arthrobacter and Bacillus. The Biolog Ecoplate analysis revealed the bacterial metabolic diversity. The AWCD, R, H index results showed that a great potential of substrate utilization ability of the barley straw metabolizing microbial community and greater functional diversity of samples.
The Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to analyse diversity of microbial community associated with barley straw degradation. 16S rRNA gene amplicons indicated that samples showed great bacterial richness. At the phylum level, members of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were found to be intense. However, there were differences among the examples. At genus level Luteimonas and Sphingomonas were dominant in L1-30 and L2-15, in addition Bacillus was in high rate in L1-15 and Brevundimonas, Flavisolibacter and Altererythrobacter were detected in high rate in L2-30 sample. According to these results, the bacterial community can be used for properly decomposition of barley straw wastes which are common wastes in agricultural strategy.