Nanocomposites is a revolutionary development in material science that demonstrates superior performance properties as well as environmental benefits. Nevertheless, a comprehensive investigation on the preparation methods, structure optimization and application prospect is necessary. This work bridges this gap by systematically revealing various synthesis methods and discussing their effect on the structural, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of nanocomposites. Using a complementary approach of literature review and controlled synthesis, we isolate key parameters that dictate nanocomposite performance. The results reveal significant enhancements of functional properties thus making these materials promising for sustainable applications. More studies are needed to optimize the synthetic process and broaden its application in new green technologies.