ISSN: 1304-7191 | E-ISSN: 1304-7205
A study on prediction of flow and particle behavior on flow-throttling structures in hydrocyclones
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın,Türkiye
Sigma J Eng Nat Sci - DOI: 10.14744/sigma.2026.1962

Abstract

Hydrocyclones are increasingly popular in various mechanical separation applications including food industry, water treatment facilities and minefields, yet the experimental studies alongside certain numerical approaches heavily focusing on continuous medium aspect may prove inadequate in understanding the sedimentation process wholly. As a further step to the existing numerical hydrocyclone investigations in the literature, this paper focuses on the individual particle behavior as a result of ongoing physical interaction between continuous medium and discrete phase, presenting a comprehensive look into the internal mechanisms of geometrically modified hydrocyclones. To investigate the procedure, a pseudo time-dependent, computational fluid dynamics – discrete element modeling mainframe was suggested. The prominent results reveal that the models suggested for both the standard and modified hydrocyclones validate experimental separation ratios with certain margins of error. However, the modified hydrocyclone provides a more suppressed, laminar flow region near the conical throttle in the underflow region: the model successfully limits turbulence kinetic energy to 0.4m2/s2 in the very narrow overflow-underflow transition. Due to this effect, the average particle velocity in the underflow region was also reduced to 0.05m/s, potentially deterring particles from returning to the overflow region. With these results it can be inferred that the flow-throttling features in fluid-solid hydrocyclones have the potential to improve hydrocyclone separation efficiencies.