This review evaluates the potential of hybrid nanofluids to enhance the efficacy of PTCs, which are a critical component of solar thermal systems. The study aims to critically evaluate the efficacy of hybrid nanofluids, developed by integrating two or more nanoparticles within a base fluid, to enhance the thermal efficiency and heat transfer properties of PTC systems. The purpose is to inspect augmentation in HNF formulations, assess their thermophysical characteristics, and evaluate experimental and computational research of their utilization in PTCs. The fundamental issues that must be determined are stability, compatibility with heat transfer systems, and economic efficiency. This review integrates latest findings to explain the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid nanofluids, recognizes existing research shortcom-ings, and recommended prospective routes for their inclusion into solar energy technologies.
The Al2O3-MWCNT/H2O hybrid nanofluid with a volume fraction of 0.04% provides the ultimate thermal efficiency enhancement, which is 197.1%. Maximum enhancement in Nus-selt number is 14% using Cu-Mgo/water hybrid nanofluid at a 2% volume fraction. It is also noted that the exergy efficiency increases by 71.255% when using Al2O3-WO3/Therminol VP1hybrisd nanofluid at a volume fraction of 4%. The originality of this research dwells in its detailed examination of hybrid nanofluids particularly designed for PTC applications, filling a void in the existing literature by proposing a integrated framework for grasping and utilizing their advantages. The results highlight the transformative potential of hybrid nanofluids in en-hancing solar thermal technology and delineate future research avenues for optimizing their implementation in practical systems.