TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arabic sign language recognition using enhanced optimization: Enhancing communication for people with hearing disabilities
AU  - ROKAYA, M.
AU  - MESHREF, H.
AU  - MASUD, M.
AU  - GAD, I.
AU  - M. ALMARS, A.
AU  - MAHMOUD, B.
AU  - ALQARNI, A.
AU  - ATLAM, E.
JO  - Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences
PY  - 2026
VL  - 44
SP  - 1456
EP  - 1480
DO  - 10.14744/sigma.2026.2045
ER  -