Spinal cord injuries (SCI) often lead to serious neurological challenges—like losing mobility, impaired sensation, and reduced motor control which deeply impact a person’s quality of life. In recent years, lower extremity exoskeletons (LEEs) have emerged as promising assistive technologies. These wearable devices not only help individuals walk but also relieve mechanical stress on the spine. While many studies have praised the general benefits of exoskeletons, few have taken a close look at how they influence spinal loading, especially across different phases of gait and in different user groups. This study examines people with spinal cord injury and healthy individuals walking with exoskeleton support. Spinal joint forces are calculated using the AnyBody Modeling System. Motion capture data are used in the musculoskeletal model. Spinal loads are assessed during the single and double support phases of walking. Exoskeleton use reduced overall spinal joint loading by 25–30%. Forces decreased by up to 40% in the cervical spine and about 30% in the lumbar region. In participants with spinal cord injury, the fiberglass exoskeleton reduced lumbar axial forces by up to 97%. Pelvic flexion–extension moments decreased by 91%. These results indicate lower mechanical loads during assisted walking. The use of lightweight, high-strength materials may also support spinal stability and posture, although this effect requires further evidence. Altogether, these results support the use of LEEs in rehabilitation: they don’t just help people move; they actively reduce spinal stress and contribute to safer, more ergonomic mobility. Insights from this study could also help inform better design strategies for future exoskeletons, both in clinical therapy and in industrial applications.