Governments are facing challenges regarding transportation systems, such as understanding and responding to changes and future demand, long-term funding for transportation systems, investing in supporting economic growth, embracing technology challenges and opportunities, and responding to environmental externalities. This study focuses on the technology related difficulties and opportunities and analyzes the impact of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) on the transportation sector. After introducing key elements of Industry 4.0, it is explained how Industry 4.0 related concepts, originally used in the manufacturing industry, might be applied to the transportation sector and how a transportation scenario of the future might look like. It is developed a matrix where I4.0 related technologies and concepts are categorized in how to benefit pre-defined areas of the transportation industry. The model is enriched with selected showcases from different countries, showing I4.0 integration in transportation. The results of this study revealed that the developed matrix might be used by (local) governments to plan their Industry 4.0 related activities strategically and by private sector companies to plan and estimate the demand for their products, tailored for transportation stakeholders.