ISSN: 1304-7191 | E-ISSN: 1304-7205
Experimental investigation of power losses in PV panels soiling and designing an affordable cleaning solution
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabi
Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2025; 43(4): 1296-1306 DOI: 10.14744/sigma.2025.00121
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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of soiling on the power output of photovoltaic (PV) panels and presents a cost-effective cleaning solution to mitigate this issue. Conducted in the semiarid coastal environment of Karachi, Pakistan, the research focuses on both polycrystal-line and monocrystalline PV panels. Results indicate that soiling significantly reduces power output, with clean panels generating 7.8% to 15.6% more power than their dirty counterparts. A novel wiper-based cleaning system, designed using locally sourced materials, was tested and proved effective in restoring the panels’ efficiency. The economic analysis suggests a payback period of less than two years for this cleaning system. The study provides practical recommendations for PV panel maintenance and highlights potential areas for future research.